文物保护对土地出让的影响——基于考古前置改革的分析

Abstract

To promote coordination between cultural relic protection and economic development, China has gradually implemented the Prior Archaeological Investigation (PAI) reform in land use rights transfer, requiring 'archaeology first, transfer later'. This paper examines the impact of the PAI reform on land transfers, proposing theoretical hypotheses and constructing a difference-in-differences (DID) model for empirical testing, alongside an instrumental variable approach to mitigate endogeneity. Based on nationwide city-level data from 2010 to 2023, the results show that the PAI reform increases the average price and revenue of land transfers, while having little effect on transfer area. The mechanism lies in reducing enterprises' archaeological compliance costs, thereby attracting land investment. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the reform mainly affects cities with strong policy intensity, small development zones, and high economic development levels, corroborating the cost-reduction mechanism. The paper enriches research on cultural relic protection and land transfers, and provides policy references.