丝绸之路沿线省区文化遗产分布格局及其影响因素——以文物保护单位为例

Abstract

As a new type of heritage, the cultural route requires continuous attention in the field of cultural heritage preservation for its overall preservation methods. This study selects provincial-level and above cultural relic preservation units (CRPUs for short) along the Silk Road in China as research objects. Based on the ArcGIS, it explores the spatial distribution pattern and influencing factors of cultural heritages along the Silk Road. The results indicate that: 1) The spatial distribution of CRPUs along the Silk Road exhibits a 'corridor-shaped' pattern, 'southeast-northwest' spatial distribution pattern is highly consistent with the main routes of the Silk Road. The spatial evolution shows a trend of 'northwest expansion with axial stability' forming agglomeration areas characterized by 'multi-center, multi-core' clustering. 2) Most heritage sites are located in areas with elevations below 2255 m and slopes under 13°. Early heritage types are predominantly ancient ruins, mid-period types are mainly cave temples and stone carvings, and late-period types are dominated by ancient buildings. 3) Spatial correlation analysis reveals that the CRPUs along the route has a strong coupling relationship with the Silk Road in terms of spatial distribution, mostly concentrated within 50 km along the Silk Road, with significant clustering characteristics. High-value agglomeration areas often coincide with ancient central towns, commercial hubs, settlement ruins, and transportation relics along the Silk Road, low-value agglomeration areas reflect the influence of physical geography features and other cultural corridors on the distribution pattern of cultural heritage along the Silk Road.