人工智能技术、职业技能重塑与工资效应

Abstract

AI technology is profoundly reshaping occupational skill demands, thereby affecting wage formation mechanisms. This paper uses Chinese online recruitment data and listed company data from 2015 to 2023 to empirically analyze the impact and mechanism of enterprise AI technology on the wage levels of recruitment positions. The study finds that AI technology mainly raises recruitment wages through the structural and quality effects of occupational skill reshaping. Specifically, AI technology promotes the evolution of occupational structure towards de-routinization and knowledge-intensification on one hand, and increases the demand for digital skills and skill diversity within occupations on the other. Further analysis shows that the wage-boosting effect is more significant in enterprises with stronger labor bargaining power and larger scale, and for positions with higher work experience requirements. This effect is particularly prominent in non-routine interactive and routine occupations. While AI technology drives up overall wage levels, it also widens the income gap between workers of different education and skill levels, but the labor income share has not increased. This paper provides micro-evidence for understanding the 'technology-skills-wage' matching mechanism in the AI era and offers important policy implications for grasping the direction of China's human capital structure upgrade and solidly promoting common prosperity.