平台经济会影响劳动收入分配平等性吗？来自微观企业层面的经验证据

Abstract

With the rapid development of the platform economy, its implications for income distribution have become increasingly salient. This paper uses data from registration information of industrial and commercial enterprises, annual reports of listed firms, and online job postings to measure the platform economy based on infrastructure conditions, the development of platform enterprises, and labor demand in platform enterprises. We examine the impact of the platform economy on the equity of labor income distribution, with particular attention to labor bargaining power and regional labor protection. Furthermore, we investigate how enterprise platformization and supply chain platformization affect income distribution within firms. The findings are as follows. First, the platform economy exacerbates the imbalance in income distribution by weakening labor bargaining power and reducing the level of labor protection, with more pronounced effects on disadvantaged groups. Second, in cities with weaker market competition, more relaxed financing environments, higher unemployment rates, or more migrant workers, platform economy shifts income distribution toward capital, thereby exerting a negative impact on workers. Third, enterprise platformization significantly tilts income distribution in favor of capital, while supply chain platformization also generates negative spillover effects by reducing firms' labor income share.