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Business Cycle Indicators

Time interval

1960-2023

Field display

Business Cycle Indicator-English Field Business Cycle Indicator-Chinese Field Indicator description
Country/Area Country
Code Code
ContinentCode Continental Plate Code
Year Year
Month Month
Industrial production, annual percent change Industrial production index, year-on-year Definition: The indicator shows the percent change in the index of industrial production from the same month last year. Industrial production includes mining and quarrying, manufacturing, and electricity production.
Retail sales index Retail Sales Index Definition: The retail sales index is an aggregated measure of the sales of retail goods over a stated period. Because retail sales are a measure of consumer demand for finished goods, they are a leading macroeconomic indicator of the pulse of an economy and its projected path toward expansion or contraction. The retail sales index measures only the volume changes, i.e. price level changes are excluded.
Retail sales Y-on-Y Retail sales change, year-on-year Definition: The retail sales Y-on-Y is an aggregated measure of the sales of retail goods over a stated period. Because retail sales are a measure of consumer demand for finished goods, they are a leading macroeconomic indicator of the pulse of an economy and its projected path toward expansion or contraction. Retail sales Y-on-Y is calculated as the percent change in the Retail sales index from the same month the previous year. The Retail sales Y-on-Y measures only volume changes , i.e. price level changes are excluded.
House price index House price index Definition: A house price index (HPI) measures the price changes of residential housing as a percentage change from some specific start date (which has HPI of 100).
Building permits Building Permit
Real residential property prices Y-on-Y, percent change Residential real property price changes, year-on-year Definition: Real residential property price measures the year-on-year percent change of property prices over time excluding the corresponding Y-o-Y inflation.
Business confidence survey Business Confidence Survey Definition: The business survey indicator provides information on the amount of optimism or pessimism that business managers feel about the prospects of their companies, based upon opinion surveys on developments in production, orders and stocks of finished goods and the general economic situation of the company. It can be used to monitor output growth and to anticipate turning points in economic activity.
Consumer confidence survey Consumer Confidence Survey Definition: The consumer survey contains standardized questions about the financial situation of households, general economic situation, inflation, unemployment, saving, intentions of making major purchases on durable goods or purchasing or building a home or buying a car. The survey gives an opportunity to analyze the tendencies in the development of public opinions on significant economic phenomena in the country.
Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), composite Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), Composite Definition: The composite Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is an indicator of economic health for manufacturing and service sectors. The purpose of the PMI is to provide information about current business conditions to company decision makers, analysts and purchasing managers. Each country PMI survey for the manufacturing or service sector is based on questionnaire responses from panels of senior purchasing executives (or similar) at over 400 companies. The composite PMI is a number from 0 to 100. A PMI above 50 represents an expansion when compared with the previous month. A PMI reading under 50 represents a contraction, and a reading at 50 indicates no change.
Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), Manufacturing Definition: The manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) is an indicator of economic health for the manufacturing sector. The purpose of the PMI is to provide information about current business conditions to company decision makers, analysts and purchasing managers. Each country PMI The survey for the manufacturing sector is based on questionnaire responses that cover the following economic variables: output, new orders, new export orders, backlogs of work, output prices, input prices, suppliers' delivery times, stocks of finished goods, quantity of purchases, stocks of purchases, employment, future output. The manufacturing PMI is a number from 0 to 100. A PMI above 50 represents an expansion when compared with the previous month. A PMI reading under 50 represents a contraction, and a reading at 50 indicates no change.
Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), services Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), Services Definition: The services Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) is an indicator of economic health for the services sector. The purpose of the PMI is to provide information about current business conditions to company decision makers, analysts and purchasing managers. Each country PMI survey for the services sector is based on questionnaire responses that cover the following economic variables: business activity, new business, backlogs of work, prices charged, input prices, employment, expectations for activity. The services PMI is a number from 0 to 100. A PMI above 50 represents an expansion when compared with the previous month. A PMI reading under 50 represents a contraction, and a reading at 50 indicates no change.

Sample data

Country/Area Code ContinentCode Year Month Industrial production, annual percent change Retail sales index Retail sales Y-on-Y House price index Building permits Real residential property prices Y-on-Y, percent change Business confidence survey Consumer confidence survey Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), composite Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), services
Country Code Continental Plate Code Year Month Industrial production index, year-on-year Retail Sales Index Retail sales change, year-on-year House price index Building Permit Residential real property price changes, year-on-year Business Confidence Survey Consumer Confidence Survey Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), Composite Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), Manufacturing Purchasing Managers Index (PMI), Services
Albania ALB EU 2004 1
Albania ALB EU 2004 2
Albania ALB EU 2004 3 28
Albania ALB EU 2004 4
Albania ALB EU 2004 5
Albania ALB EU 2004 6 173
Albania ALB EU 2004 7
Albania ALB EU 2004 8
Albania ALB EU 2004 9 239
Albania ALB EU 2004 10
Albania ALB EU 2004 11
Albania ALB EU 2004 12 445
Albania ALB EU 2005 1 45.5
Albania ALB EU 2005 2 46.7
Albania ALB EU 2005 3 46.6 255
Albania ALB EU 2005 4 45.2
Albania ALB EU 2005 5 48.2
Albania ALB EU 2005 6 48 554
Albania ALB EU 2005 7 47.6
Albania ALB EU 2005 8 48
Albania ALB EU 2005 9 48 272
Albania ALB EU 2005 10 47.9
Albania ALB EU 2005 11 50.3
Albania ALB EU 2005 12 48.4 669
Albania ALB EU 2006 1 61.2 34.51
Albania ALB EU 2006 2 60.7 29.98
Albania ALB EU 2006 3 8.46 60.8 30.47 194
Albania ALB EU 2006 4 65.5 44.91
Albania ALB EU 2006 5 59.9 24.27
Albania ALB EU 2006 6 5.19 60.4 25.83 329
Albania ALB EU 2006 7 59.7 25.42
Albania ALB EU 2006 8 60.6 26.25
Albania ALB EU 2006 9 13.24 59.5 23.96 343
Albania ALB EU 2006 10 57.7 20.46
Albania ALB EU 2006 11 58.9 17.1
Albania ALB EU 2006 12 15.08 58.1 20.04 625
Albania ALB EU 2007 1 56.7 -7.35
Albania ALB EU 2007 2 55.6 -8.4
Albania ALB EU 2007 3 13.55 57.1 -6.09 17
Albania ALB EU 2007 4 56.6 -13.59
Albania ALB EU 2007 5 56.4 -5.84
Albania ALB EU 2007 6 13.37 57.8 -4.3 91
Albania ALB EU 2007 7 59.3 -0.67
Albania ALB EU 2007 8 58.7 -3.14
Albania ALB EU 2007 9 11.51 60.7 2.02 102
Albania ALB EU 2007 10 61.3 6.24
Albania ALB EU 2007 11 61.6 4.58
Albania ALB EU 2007 12 7.54 61 4.99 256
Albania ALB EU 2008 1 73.7 29.98

Data update frequency

Annual Update