Land transactions refer to economic relationships formed during the circulation of land rights, primarily involving exchanges of land ownership(所有权), usage rights(使用权), leasing rights(租赁权), and mortgage rights(抵押权). In China, as a critical resource, land acquisition, reserves, and transactions are uniformly managed by the state.
Through decades of exploration and practice since the reform and opening-up, China's land transaction market has significantly expanded, with notable shifts in land use objectives.
Research indicates:
- From 2003 to 2013, China experienced rapid growth in land transfers, followed by a slowdown in total transfer volume post-2013 while land transfer revenues continued to rise;
- During 2003-2018, the composition of land transfers exhibited distinct trends: proportions of land allocated for roads/transportation facilities and green spaces/squares increased markedly. Residential, commercial, and public management/service facility land transfers remained stable, while industrial, logistics/warehousing, and utility land transfers showed decelerating growth and contraction tendencies.
The evolution of land use and transaction patterns reflects socioeconomic conditions. Simultaneously, as land represents a non-renewable resource increasingly scarce amid urbanization and economic development, it substantially influences China's pillar industry – real estate. CnOpenData presents comprehensive China Land Transaction Data covering leasing, mortgaging, and transfer activities to support related research.
Data Scale
Time Coverage
- Basic Land Supply Information Table: 2000-2024
- Staged Payment Agreement Table: 2000-2024
- Land Leasing Table: 2000-2019
- Land Mortgaging Table: 2000-2019
- Land Transfer Table: 2000-2019
Field Display
Sample Data
Basic Land Supply Information Table
Staged Payment Agreement Table
Land Leasing Table
Land Mortgaging Table
Land Transfer Table
Relevant Literature
- Li Yongyou, Zhang Zhenzhen, 2024: "Municipal Government District Adjustment Strategies and Land Transfer Revenue Logic," Management World, 12.
- Lü Yue, Zhang Haotian, Xie Hongjun, 2024: "Land Investment Incentives, Distorted Motivations, and Strategic Corporate Innovation: Evidence from Industrial Land Transfers," Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics, 8.
- Li Weibing, Yang Yongwen, 2024: "Environmental Management Reform and Local Governments' Strategic Land Supply Behavior," The Journal of World Economy, 9.
- Zhang Yan, Zhao Lingxue, Liu Qing, 2024: "Factor Prices and New Development Paradigm: Evidence from Industrial Land Prices and Enterprise Market Selection," Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics, 5.
- Yan Haosheng, Wang Jianfei, Sun Jiuwen, 2023: "How Does Collective Construction Land Marketization Affect State-owned Land Markets? Machine Learning Evidence," Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics, 6.
- Yang Ligao, Han Feng, Zeng Yi, 2022: "How Does Land Resource Allocation Affect Urban Economic Development Quality? Spatial Econometric Analysis Based on Land Market Prices and Urban Panel Data," Journal of Management Sciences in China, 7.
- Fan Ziying, Cheng Kewei, Feng Chen, 2022: "Land Price Regulation and Corporate R&D Innovation: Evidence from Group Identification," Management World, 8.
- Zhang Kai, Shen Ji, Xu Hongming, Zhang Qinghua, 2021: "Spillover Effects and Urban Commercial Land Development Strategies: Research Based on Transfer Mechanisms," Economic Research Journal, 1.
Data Update Frequency
Annual Update