Green and low-carbon technologies primarily encompass innovations that achieve carbon reduction, zero-carbon, and negative-carbon effects through traditional energy clean utilization, energy efficiency improvement, new energy applications, and greenhouse gas capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). These technologies exclude pollution reduction and resource recycling solutions that merely exhibit carbon reduction synergies. Green and low-carbon technology patents refer to inventions explicitly targeting carbon emission reduction effects compared to existing technologies.
This classification system adopts a hierarchical structure, categorizing green and low-carbon technologies into four levels. The first-level branches include fossil energy decarbonization technologies, energy conservation and energy recycling, clean energy, energy storage technologies, and greenhouse gas capture/utilization/storage, comprising 5 primary branches, 19 secondary branches, 56 tertiary branches, and 62 quaternary branches (total 142). Aligned with the International Patent Classification (IPC) system, this framework references the World Intellectual Property Organization's Green Technology Inventory and Japan's Green Transformation Technologies List to ensure international comparability. It supports the construction of a global green and low-carbon technology database and facilitates international exchange and technology transfer.
The China Green and Low-Carbon Patent and Citation/Cited Data by CnOpenData is structured based on the IPC system, covering three patent types: invention disclosures, granted invention patents, and utility model patents. Each category includes citation tables and cited tables.
Temporal Coverage
- Invention disclosures: 1985-2024 (by application publication date)
- Granted invention patents/Utility models/Design patents: 1985-2024 (by grant announcement date)
Data Description
- This classification system establishes cross-references between green and low-carbon technologies and IPC codes. Each green technology corresponds to one or multiple IPC classifications, indicating relevance to said technology.
- "Partially related" in the IPC column denotes that some patents under the specified IPC code(s) involve green and low-carbon technologies, while "fully related" indicates all patents under the code(s) are relevant.
- The classification references the International Patent Classification (IPC2022).
- Low-carbon technologies include fossil energy decarbonization + energy conservation/recycling; Zero-carbon covers clean energy + energy storage; Negative-carbon comprises greenhouse gas capture/utilization/storage.
Field Description
Sample Data
Green and Low-Carbon Invention Disclosure Citation Table
Green and Low-Carbon Invention Disclosure Cited Table
Green and Low-Carbon Granted Invention Patent Citation Table
Green and Low-Carbon Granted Invention Patent Cited Table
Green and Low-Carbon Utility Model Patent Citation Table
Green and Low-Carbon Utility Model Patent Cited Table
Related Literature
- Xu Jia and Cui Jingbo, 2020: "Low-Carbon Cities and Enterprise Green Technology Innovation," China Industrial Economics, No. 12.
Data Update Frequency
Annual updates